Priority is given to selecting an industrial desalination plant suitable for use in industrial and agricultural uses, livestock and poultry, and ، controlling potential contaminants as well as increasing water quality by reducing the amount of TDS in the water. The use of reverse osmosis (RO) devices is increasing rapidly due to the high cost of other water desalination methods such as distillation.
Using this water purification system, the taste of bitterness, salinity and the total amount of water-soluble solids can be greatly reduced. Also, according to the type of consumption, the amount of salts can be adjusted to a standard and desirable level to be used in various applications such as livestock and poultry farms, ostrich breeding and livestock, medicine, agriculture and و with ease.
Reverse osmosis (RO) process for water treatment
Reverse osmosis is the process by which raw (unrefined) water is pumped into a chamber containing a semipermeable membrane by a high-pressure pump to produce ion-free water or minerals.
This membrane selects industrial membranes or membrane filters based on the particle size of the molecules, so that almost pure water is obtained on one side of the membrane and concentrated water is obtained from the impurities on the other side.
Reverse osmosis membranes remove all water-soluble minerals (TDS) well and are even able to completely remove radium, natural organic matter, parasites, bacteria and viruses. If combined with several other water treatment methods, its effectiveness will be maximized.
Introduction of industrial water purifier (industrial water desalination)
Industrial water desalination is a device used for water purification and desalination on a large and industrial scale. The reverse osmosis water treatment system takes saline and solute water from the sea, water wells, underground streams and aqueducts and, by applying osmotic pressure, removes all salts, including calcium, magnesium, suspended sodium particles, and water by passing through the membranes as a semi-membrane. It is permeable and sweet water is provided to the consumer.
RO (Reverse Osmosis) industrial water purifier is used in areas where the incoming water contains excessive normal amounts of soluble solids, such as offices, organizations and restaurants.
One of the most important applications of reverse osmosis method in industrial water purifiers is water purification of various factories such as dairy, pharmaceutical, mineral water and beverage, textile and spinning, boilers, heating and cooling wires. If the desalination system is designed and built in a standard and optimal way, it should remove between 95% and 99% of the impurities in the incoming water.
The main stages of water treatment by RO method
- Disinfection of water
- Use of pre-treatment system including sand and carbon filter (increase efficiency and life of membranes)
- Use of micron filter (to remove particles)
- Reverse osmosis (the best method in industrial desalination)
- Injection of anti-scalant to prevent sedimentation in water
Benefits of industrial desalination
- Economical and economical reverse osmosis system compared to other methods
- Reduce energy consumption compared to distillation methods
- From industrial RO device membranes. Prevention of bacteria, viruses and febrile substances
- Possibility of returning the effluent to the environment or reusing the water in the reverse osmosis water purifier
- Industrial water purifier has international standards
Types of membrane filters in the manufacture of industrial water purifiers
Nanofiltration:
They have the ability to remove particles up to the size of about 0.001 microns, which has smaller pores than microfiltration and ultrafiltration, which can remove all particles and reduce the alkalinity in the water. By increasing the alkalinity in the effluent, the corrosiveness of the water was significantly reduced. Nanofiltration membranes are also able to remove water hardness.
Ultrafiltration:
Capable of separating particles up to the dimensions of 0.002 to 0.1 microns at working pressures between 30psi to 100psi. In addition to removing all the substances that microfiltration removes, it will be able to remove most of the viruses. To ensure the elimination of all microorganisms, the use of an ancillary disinfectant is recommended.
Microfiltration:
Capable of removing particles up to approximately 0.03 to 10 microns from water at low pressures of about 15 psi to 60 psi, including sand, mud, sludge, sand, algae and soil, and species of parasites and bacteria, but usually viruses. Can not delete. When an ancillary disinfectant is used, it kills all microorganisms, including viruses. Another application of these membranes is to prevent the formation of scale and reduce the level of performance and life of these systems.
Industrial desalination membrane destroying agents and necessary solutions to prevent it
The most harmful factor that destroys membranes is the presence of chlorine and other contaminants that cause the membrane layers to oxidize. High-quality pre-treatment filters (fiber and carbon filters) should be used to prevent oxidation of membrane layers.
The lattice plates that are placed between the layers of membranes and create space between the layers to allow the incoming water to pass through the surface of the layers to be divided into two parts of the treated water and effluent is called feed spacer. By creating and disturbing the water flow, these layers prevent water solutes from sticking to the surface of the membranes and do not cause sediment and clogging in the membranes.